Keikha, N, Ayatollahi Mousavi, Sa, Nakhaei, Ar, Amanloo, S, Shahidi, Gh, Amiri, S,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (March, April[PERSIAN] 2015)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objective: Dermatophytes are the fungi that have the ability to attack the keratinized tissues such as the skin, hair and nails. Infections caused by these organisms are named dermatophytosis. We aimed to compare Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Crude extracts of Active Actinomycete Isolates with Terbinafine, Griseofulvin, Ketoconazole and Fluconazole Drugs against Microsporum Canis, Microsporum gypseum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes.
Material and Methods: In this experimental study, in order to find MIC by actionmycete, 100 isolates were studied and then crude extracts of the active actinomycete isolates were prepared in sterile conditions. Finally, the crude extracts obtained at different concentrations were used to obtain the MIC of Microsporum Canis, Microsporum gypseum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Moreover, various concentrations of the drugs such as terbinafine, griseofulvin, ketoconazole and fluconazole in solvent Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were prepared and their growth inhibitory effect was evaluated and then compared with the results obtained from the crude extract of active actinomycete isolates.
Results: the crude extracts obtained from active Actioiomycetes isolates and the drugs such as terbinafine, griseofulvin, ketoconazole and fluconazole, in a dose-dependent manner, could inhibit the growth of Microsporum Canis, Microsporum gypseum and Trichophyton Mentagrophytes.
Conclusion: compared to MIC of Crude extract of active actinomycete isolates, Terbinafine has a significant effect on the growth inhibition in all of the fungal Dermatophytes and then griseofulvin, ketoconazole and fluconazole are in the next rank, respectively.
Keywords: Actinomycetes Crude Extract, Microsporum Canis, Microsporum Gypseum, Terbinafine
Minoo Mahmoodi , Mozhgan Zeini, Siamak Shahidi,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (Jul-Aug 2017)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Hippocampus is the main structure involved in spatial learning and memory consolidation. Formation of spatial memory can be strongly influenced by medications, hormones and different substances. Due to importance of new pharmacotherapy on drug administration in pregnancy, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of letrozole-therapy during pregnancy on memory and learning in offspring rats.
Methods: In this study, 24 pregnant rats were divided into a control and three experimental groups (N=6). The subjects received low dose (0.25 mg/Kg), average dose (0.5 mg/Kg) and high dose (1 mg/Kg) of letrozole orally during 16-19 days of gestation. After maturating, learning and memory of the offspring were assessed by passive avoidance learning apparatus. Data were analyzed by SPSS 20 using one-way analysis of variance and the Tukey's test. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results: Weights of the offspring who received letrozole decreased significantly compared with the control. There was no significant difference in the step-through latency between the experimental groups. However, the step-through latency and time spent in the dark compartment decreased significantly in the experimental groups compared with control group (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The results of this study show that letrozole can influence learning and memory of offspring rats.
Keywords: Letrozole, Gestation, Memory, Learning, Offspring, Rats.
