Showing 49 results for Khan
Abolfazl Khandan Del , Ania Ahani Azari , Ailar Jamalli, Ezzat Allah Ghaemi,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (May-Jun 2018)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality among intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Nasal carriage is one of the main routs of
S. aureus transmission between hospital personnel and patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of mupirocin ointment in eradication of nasal carriage of
S. aureus in the ICU staff and patients of Panje-Azar hospital in Gorgan, Iran.
Methods: In the first three months of the study (January to March), the prevalence of
S. aureus among ICU patients was determined by routine microbiological and biochemical testing. Nasal samples were taken from ICU staff and all patients recently admitted to the ICU. Mupirocin nasal ointment (2%) was applied for treatment of
S. aureus nasal carriers. Post-treatment sampling was done after five weeks. During the next three months, the presence of
S. aureus and rate of resistance to methicillin was evaluated in new patients admitted to the ICU using the method used previously.
Results: Of 60 samples from the ICU staff, seven (11.7%) samples were positive for
S. aureus. Moreover, of 240 samples from the ICU patients, two samples were found as
S. aureus-positive. Of the nine
S. aureus-positive isolates, only two (22.2%) were methicillin-resistant
S. aureus (MRSA). In the pre-intervention sampling, only five samples (2.8%) were identified as
S. aureus, two of which were MRSA. However, treatment with mupirocin ointment eradicated nasal carriage of
S. aureus and no isolate was found after the intervention.
Conclusion: Our finding showed that mupirocin nasal ointment is highly effective in eradication of
S. aureus nasal carriage and subsequently contribute to reduction in frequency of nosocomial infections in the ICU.
Keywords: Intensive Care Units, Mupirocin, Nasal,
Staphylococcus aureus.
Hossein Khani , Alijan Tabarraei , Abdolvahab Moradi ,
Volume 12, Issue 6 (Nov - Dec 2018)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and objectives: Coronaviruses are the main causes of respiratory tract infections in humans. They are also the second leading cause of common cold after rhinoviruses, and can lead to otitis media and asthma. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular detection of coronaviruses in clinical samples of patients with flu-like symptoms.
Methods: Specimens were taken from 297 patients with flu-like symptoms who were referred to the influenza laboratory of Golestan University of Medical Sciences during 2012-2014. RNA was extracted from the specimens using an RNA extraction kit. Accordingly, RNA was used for cDNA synthesis and GAPDH was used as the internal control. Synthesized cDNA was investigated for presence of human coronaviruses genome with real-time polymerase chain reaction using specific primers. Data were analyzed by SPSS 16.0 software.
Results: The coronavirus genome was not detected in the specimens of patients with flu-like symptoms.
Conclusion: Genome of human coronaviruses is absent in samples from patients with upper respiratory tract infections and influenza-like symptoms, which may indicate the low prevalence of the virus in the Golestan Province, Iran.
KEYWORDS: Human coronaviruses, Upper respiratory tract infection, Golestan Province.
Mohsen Mousavi , Behrooz Johari , Jamil Zargan , Ashkan Haji Noor Mohammadi , Hamid Reza Goudarzi , Saeed Dezianian , Hani Keshavarz Alikhani ,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (May-Jun 2019)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Nowadays, infections with antibiotic-resistant bacteria are among the most important causes of mortality worldwide. This has attracted the attention of researchers to seek suitable alternatives for antibiotics. The venom of many toxic species such as arthropods has antibacterial properties. In this study, we investigated antibacterial effects of crude venom of Latrodectus dahli on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis.
Methods: Lyophilized crude venom of L. dahli was dissolved in 50 mM Tris-HCl buffer. Protein concentration was determined by the Bradford assay. Then, the bacteria were exposed to different concentrations (31.25-250 ng/mL) of the crude venom. Inhibitory activity of the venom against the bacteria was determined by MTT assay and determining minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC).
Results: Results of the MTT assay showed that the crude venom significantly inhibited the growth of E. coli (31.25 and 62.5 ng/mL), S. aureus (at 250 ng/mL) and B. subtilis (at 125 and 250 ng/mL). In the MIC experiment, the crude venom significantly inhibited the growth of E. coli (at concentrations of 31.25 and 62.5ng/mL), S. aureus (at concentrations of 31.25-250 ng/mL) and B. subtilis (at concentrations of 31.25-250ng/mL).
Conclusion: The crude venom of L. dahli and its components showed relatively strong antibacterial effects.
Keywords: Spider venoms, Black Widow Spider, Antibacterial agent, Drug-resistance.
Abolfazl Khandandel , Hami Kaboosi , Ailar Jamalli , Fatemeh Peyravii Ghadikolaii ,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (Jul-Aug 2019)
Abstract
Background and Objectives:
Staphylococcus aureus is a common cause of nosocomial infections. The ability of
S. aureus to form biofilm and acquire antimicrobial resistance has made this organism a major health problem. In this study, we investigate the biofilm-forming ability of
S. aureus isolates from clinical samples.
Methods: Sixty
S. aureus isolates from clinical specimens were collected from the 5th Azar Hospital of Gorgan (Iran) in 2018. The isolates were identified using conventional methods including Gram staining and biochemical tests (catalase and coagulase). Biofilm formation by
S. aureus isolates was evaluated using a microplate-based method.
Results: Of 60
S. aureus isolates, 47 (78.3%) strains were identified as biofilm-forming and 13 (21.7%) strains were non-biofilm-forming.
Conclusion: The high prevalence of biofilm-producing
S. aureus isolates in the 5
th Azar hospital of Gorgan could pose a major health challenge with serious consequences for hospitalized patients. Therefore, it is crucial to disinfect and sterilize hospital surfaces and equipment effectively to minimize the risk of contamination and spread of bacteria in the hospital settings.
Keywords: Biofilms,
Staphylococcus aureus, sample.
Fereshteh Keyghobadi, Nader Bahramifar, Elahe Gharekhani, Seyyedeh Marzieh Kia,
Volume 13, Issue 5 (Sep-Oct 2019)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: In this study, nanosilica modified with HS-SiO2 thiol groups was utilized as adsorbent for solid phase extraction, as a fast and reliable method of preconcentration and separation of very small quantities of selenium ions from water and blood samples.
Methods: The samples included four natural water samples and one biological sample (blood serum) prepared in volumes of 25, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 ml. The samples were analyzed by solid phase microextraction, using thiolated-nanosilica (as adsorbent), ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry and atomic absorption spectroscopy.
Results: Optimized conditions for preconcentration of a 25 ml 0.2 mg/l selenium solution were pH 5, 40 mg of adsorbent, sample-adsorbent mixing time of 15 minutes and 5 ml of 2N sulfuric acid as detergent. The volume limit and concentration factor were 400 and 80, respectively. Limit of detection and relative standard deviation of the method were 0.46 μg/l and 0.9%, respectively.
Conclusion: This study is the first to successfully utilize thiolated nanosilica for measuring low selenium levels. Thiolation of the absorbent increases selenium adsorption by thiolated-silica compared to SiO2.
Keywords: Solid phase extraction, Selenium, Preconcentration, Nano, UV-visible spectrophotometry.
Ali Asghar Ayatollahi, Abolfazl Khandan Del, Ailar Jamalli, Khashayar Shahin, Ania Ahani Azari,
Volume 14, Issue 1 (Jan-Feb 2020)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Staphylococcus aureus is a frequent cause of hospital- and community-associated infections on a global scale. This organism is responsible for causing an extensive range of diseases and many of them are capable of biofilm formation for their survival. By this method, treatment of them with antibiotics become very difficult and antibiotic resistance is another rising concern.
Material and Methods: The clinical samples were collected and examined for Staphylococcus aureus by microbiological and biochemical tests. Then, the biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus isolates was detected by microtiter plate. Using SYBR Green Real-Time PCR, the expression of PSM was determined.
Results: A total of 60 strains of Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from clinical isolates. Of them, 47 strains (78.3%) were identified biofilm producing and the others were considered negative for biofilm formation. After real-time PCR testing to detect PSM, it was determined that 100% of the strains were positive for biofilms and PSM genes. The results of phenotypic and genotypic tests of biofilm were closely related to each other and the expression of PSM B gene was 80%. It was found that 100% of strains were biofilm producing and PSM B gene was present in 78.3% (47 strains) of them.
Conclusion: The prevalence of biofilm production in Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from clinical samples was high, so it is highly important to monitor the prevalence of these organisms in hospitals and community as well as their antimicrobial resistance.
Zinat Yazdani, Iman Baluchi, Behjat Kalantary Khandany, Gholamhosein Hassanshahi,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (Mar-Apr 2021)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous malignancy caused by various pathological mechanisms. Chemokines are involved in the initiation, progression, migration, survival, treatment and complications of AML. CXCL1 has an indirect effect on the progression of cancer and CXCL10 produced by leukemia cells attracts natural killer cells toward tumor sites to eradicate cancer cells. The present study investigated effects of chemotherapy on serum levels of CXCL1 and CXCL10 in patients with AML.
Methods: Throughout this case-control study, blood samples were collected from AML patients with M4/M5 subtype (n=25) before and after the first stage of a chemotherapy regimen (7+3). Serum levels of the chemokines were determined using commercial ELISA kits. Data were analyzed using two-sample and paired T-test in SPSS 22 software.
Results: The level of CXCL10 was high in patients but decreased following chemotherapy. After the chemotherapy the patients attained partial remission. However, the level of CXCL1 did not change in the patients.
Conclusion: Although chemotherapy could decrease CXCL10 levels and induce partial remission, CXCL1 levels does not change in AML patients with M4/M5 subtype. Based on the results, the employment of CXCL1 and CXCL10 inhibitors in the chemotherapy regimen could prevent relapse in the later stages or even reduce the duration of treatment.
Mehrdad Rezaeian, Saeid Khanzadi, Mohammad Hashemi, Mohammad Azizzadeh,
Volume 15, Issue 3 (May-Jun 2021)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Chitosan is a preservative that is commonly used in food packaging due to forming a film with antimicrobial activity. Many antimicrobial agents have been used to control the growth of different bacteria, fungi and yeasts in food products using chitosan coating. The present research was conducted to examine inhibitory effects of a coating incorporated with the essential oils of Zataria multiflora (ZEO) and Bunium persicum (BEO) on the growth of Pseudomonas artificially inoculated onto salmon fillets over a period of 12 days at 4 °C.
Methods: The antibacterial activity of BEO against P. aeruginosa was evaluated using the microdilution method via determining minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration. For the food model investigation, three P. aeruginosa strains were inoculated onto trout fillets as culture cocktail to assess their survival over 12 days of storage.
Results: The results indicated that ZEO and BEO had stronger inhibitory effect on P. aeruginosa in trout fillets when applied along with gel type nano-emulsion of chitosan solution. The separate use of each of these substances also significantly inhibited the growth of these pathogenic bacteria compared with the control. In addition, the use of chitosan coating without any antimicrobial agent affected the growth of P. aeruginosa.
Conclusion: The gel type nano-emulsion of chitosan coating containing ZEO and BEO can be applied on foodstuff, particularly fish and its products, as an antimicrobial agent.
Bahar Yazdani, Hussein Anani, Iman Baluchi, Behjat Kalantary Khandany, Gholamhossein Hassanshahi,
Volume 15, Issue 4 (Jul-Aug 2021)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignancy that involves the bone marrow and peripheral blood. Some chemokines play a role in the progression, migration and tumor initiation and are therefore associated with poor prognosis. CCL2 promotes tumor growth and is associated with poor prognosis in AML patients. We investigated effects of chemotherapy on serum level of CCL2 in AML patients.
Methods: Throughout this case-control study, blood samples were collected from 25 healthy individuals and 25 AML (M4 and M5) patients before and after the first stage of the current chemotherapy regimen (7+3). Serum level of CCL2 was measured using commercial ELISA kits. Data were analyzed in SPSS 22 using the two-sample t-test and paired t-test.
Results: Before chemotherapy, serum level of CCL2 was significantly higher in the patients than in the healthy controls. Following chemotherapy, the serum level of CCL2 reduced significantly to a level comparable to that of the healthy controls.
Conclusion: The current chemotherapy (7+3) can effectively inhibit CCL2 in AML patients.
Romina Saei Hamedani , Saeid Khanzadi, Mohammad Hashemi, Mohammad Azizzadeh,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (Jan-Feb 2022)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Neutralized electrolyzed water (NEW) is a novel natural disinfectant. It has been suggested that application of NEW can improve the shelf life of fish. This study aimed to investigate effect of NEW incorporated in alginate coating on growth of Escherichia coli O157: H7 on salmon fillets over a period of 12 days.
Methods: Fish fillets were inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 and divided into six different treatment groups: control (no coating), distilled water, alginate, EW, EW & alginate (Samples coated with alginate solution prepared by EW), and EW+ alginate (samples immersed in EW, then coated with alginate solution). The fillets were kept at 4 °C, and the bacterial count was determined on days: 0, 2, 4, 8, and 12. Data analysis was performed using repeated ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoctest at statistical significance of 0.05.
Results: Treatment with alginate coating and EW alone could significantly reduce E. coli O157: H7 count on the salmon fillets. However, maximum reduction (1.27 log CFU/g) of bacteria was achieved when using alginate coating combined with EW.
Conclusion: According to the results, the combination of alginate coating with EW can be applied as a natural antimicrobial for increasing safety of food products, especially fish, against pathogenic bacteria such as E. coli O157: H7.
Mohammad Hassan Jokar, Fatemeh Mohamadkhani, Maliheh Moradzadeh, Samira Beygi, Ashraf Mohamadkhani,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (Mar-Apr 2022)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Recycled polyethylene terephthalate (RPET) nanofibers have become an important part of human life, with a continuous increase in their production and consumption. Herein, the antibacterial activity of nickel nanoparticles/recycled polyethylene terephthalate nanofibers (NiNP/RPET NF web) was evaluated by analyzing alginate expression in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as an opportunistic microorganism.
Methods: NiNPs were synthesized and NiNP/RPET NF was produced by adding 25 μg/ml of NiNP to 10% solutions of RPET at a weight ratio of 3%. After exposing P. aeruginosa (PA01) to NiNP/RPET NF, the biofilm-forming capacity was determined and real-time PCR was performed to measure algD expression.
Results: Treatment with 25 μg/ml of NiNP/RPET NF reduced growth of P. aeruginosa on Mueller Hinton agar but did not result in complete inhibition. The biofilm optical density (550 nm) was 0.464 ± 0.021 after treatment with NiNP/RPET NF and 0.082± 0.011 in the absence of NiNP/RPET NF. This indicates the significant reduction of biofilm formation after exposure to NiNP/RPET NF (p=0.01). In addition, a 0.6-fold (p=0.03) reduction in alginate expression was detected by real-time quantitative real-time PCR.
Conclusion: Our results indicate the potential of NiNP/RPET NF for application in nano-based antibacterial medical systems.
Thivyah Prabha, Rasheed Khan, Shruthi Cn, Rathi Priya,
Volume 17, Issue 6 (Nov-Dec 2023)
Abstract
Background: Thyroid disorders are the most common cause of endocrine dysfunction among women of childbearing age. It is well-established that hypothyroid dysfunction can have significant adverse effects on pregnancy and fetal development. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of thyroid disorders among antenatal women and assess the maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant women with hypothyroid disorders.
Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the antenatal clinic of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in association with the Biochemistry Department. After obtaining written informed consent, antenatal women aged 18-40 years were included in this study, regardless of their gestational period. Venous blood samples were collected from the antecubital vein, and thyrotropin, free triiodothyronine (free T3), and free thyroxine (free T4) levels were measured. Hypothyroid antenatal women were monitored throughout their pregnancies to evaluate maternal and fetal outcomes.
Results: Among the participants in this study, 149 antenatal women had thyroid disorders, with a prevalence rate of 12.6%. Subclinical hypothyroidism, overt hypothyroidism, subclinical hyperthyroidism, and overt hyperthyroidism were observed in 6.9%, 3.2%, 1.8%, and 0.7% of cases, respectively. Maternal complications included oligohydramnios (5.8%), preeclampsia (13.3%), and preterm delivery (5%), while fetal complications included low birth weight (20.8%), hyperbilirubinemia (9.1%), and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions (13.3%).
Conclusion: A high prevalence (12.6%) of thyroid disorders, particularly hypothyroidism (10.1%), among pregnant women, emphasizing the importance of routine thyroid testing for all antenatal individuals.
Ali Ehsan Shahbazi, Nastaran Barati, Eissa Soleymani, Pegah Khandan Del, Abolfazl Khandan Del, Nemat Azizi , Behjat Ranjouri , Mehran Bakhtiari , Seyedmousa Motavallihaghi ,
Volume 17, Issue 6 (Nov-Dec 2023)
Abstract
Background: COVID-19 is a respiratory disease pandemic and a major global health problem that can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Previous studies have shown an inverse link between toxoplasmosis and COVID-19. This study aimed to evaluate the association between COVID-19 and toxoplasmosis infection.
Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, samples were taken from 360 patients, 50% of whom were men and 50% were women. Of the patients, 180 were determined to be COVID-19-positive by the ELISA kit, and 180 were in the control group. Some demographic characteristics, such as sex, age range, and occupation, were also recorded.
Results: This study was conducted on 180 COVID-19-positive patients, of whom 26.7% were in the 16-30-year age group, 25.1% were self-employed, and 31.7% had anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies. Among the 180 control patients, 21.1% had antibodies for T. gondii. Of the 57 patients who were co-infected with both COVID-19 and toxoplasmosis, men had higher infection rates (63.2%) than women (36.8%). There was a significant relationship between co-infections with COVID-19 and toxoplasmosis with occupation, but not with age.
Conclusion: The study found that people with toxoplasmosis infection have a 1.73 times higher risk of contracting COVID-19. The findings suggest that infectious agents could be a predisposing factor, possibly due to changes in cytokine levels.
Sedigheh Shirkhani, Alireza Barari, Asieh Abbasi Daloii, Mehrdad Saravi,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (Jan-Feb 2024)
Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular diseases, especially coronary artery problems, are the main causes of death. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of NOs and NOX2 in coronary artery patients after aerobic exercise and omega-3 intake.
Methods: The present study was a quasi-experimental study in which 32 men with coronary artery disease in the age range of 55 to 65 years were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups: control, exercise, omega-3, and omega-3 + exercise. The training program consisted of 8 weeks of intermittent running training, 3 sessions per week, with an intensity of 55 to 65% of the subjects' heart rate reserve and with an emphasis on gradual overload. Subjects consumed 1000 mg of omega-3 daily.
Results: There was a significant increase (P <0.0001) in the mean expression of the NOS gene in the exercise + omega-3 group compared to the control group. The mean ratio of NOX gene expression changes in the exercise group, omega-3, and the combination of exercise + omega-3 was significantly reduced compared to the control group (P <0.0001).
Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, the ability of exercise and omega-3 supplementation to reduce the level of oxidant stress and increase homeostasis control in coronary artery insufficiency shows an important molecular mechanism that underlies the benefits of these interventions.
Hina Rahangdale, Tejaswini Olambe, Priyanka Klabhor, Sangita Bhalavi, Varsha Wanjare, Sunanda Shrikhande,
Volume 18, Issue 2 (Mar-Apr 2024)
Abstract
Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common types of infections affecting people in community and hospital settings. Bacteria are the leading cause of UTIs, followed by fungi. 39% of all healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) affecting all age groups are UTIs, causing high morbidity and mortality rates. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern of causative organisms is changing due to improper antibiotic use. The study was conducted to determine the microbiological profile of both community and HAIs and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern.
Methods: Clean-catch, mid-stream urine samples collected in the universal wide-mouthed sterile containers were transported to the laboratory. Samples were processed by standard conventional microbiological procedures. Antimicrobial susceptibility was done using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton agar plates.
Results: The most common causative organisms among gram-negative bacteria were E coli (26.05%), followed by Klebsiella spp (20.37%), and Enterococcus spp (12.81%) was more common among the gram-positive bacteria. Non-albicans Candida (64.10%) were more commonly isolated than Candida albicans (35.90%). E coli was highly susceptible to nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin, and Klebsiella spp and Enterococcus spp were similarly highly susceptible. Antibiotic resistance was more common among bacteria isolated in HAIs.
Conclusion: In both settings, E coli was the most common causative organism. The incidence of non-albicans Candida species has increased in comparison to Candida albicans. Antimicrobial susceptibility to empirical 3rd-generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones has drastically decreased. Hospital-acquired UTIs are a rising threat to the healthcare system and community. Based on hospitals’ antimicrobial policy formulated by studying antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, empirical treatment should be chosen.
Bhawana Bajare, Akanksha Dhangar, Supriya Tankhiwale, Sunanda Shrikhande,
Volume 18, Issue 2 (Mar-Apr 2024)
Abstract
Background: Pyogenic infection is a significant cause of morbidity. Infection with multidrug-resistant strains poses a major difficulty in the treatment. The study was conducted to know the bacteriological profile of pyogenic infections and their antibiotic susceptibility.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital from October 2021 to March 2022. Isolates from pus specimens were subjected to an antibiotic sensitivity test using the Kirby-Bauer method as per CLSI 2021.
Results: Out of 752 samples, etiology could be revealed in 510 (68.4%) specimens. Enterobacterales dominated the profile, with K pneumoniae isolated in the maximum number of specimens. Staphylococcus aureus was the culprit in 14% of the cases. Non-fermenters were isolated in 17% of the cases. Methicillin resistance in S aureus was 67%. Gram-positive cocci showed high sensitivity to linezolid. For both Piptaz and carbapenem, Enterobacterales and non-fermenters showed around 50% and 60% susceptibility, respectively.
Conclusion: Continuous surveillance of the aetiologic agents of pyogenic infections and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern needs to be done to design and implement the antibiotic policy for the infection in our set-up.
Sharabeh Hezarkhani , Khosro Ghojoghi , Sara Hosseinzadeh , Naser Behnampour , Farshid Fathabadi , Zahra Hesari , Hamid Reza Joshaghani ,
Volume 18, Issue 6 (Nov-Dec 2024)
Abstract
Background: Leptin and adiponectin, two members of the adipokine family, play roles in increasing lipid metabolism and inhibiting lipogenesis. Reduced levels of these cytokines are associated with obesity and insulin resistance. This study aimed to determine the serum levels of leptin and adiponectin in type-2 diabetic patients with and without metabolic syndrome compared to a control group.
Methods: Three groups of individuals participated in this study: 47 type-2 diabetic patients with metabolic syndrome (DM+MetS), 25 type-2 diabetic patients without metabolic syndrome (DM-MetS), and 40 individuals with no history of diabetes or metabolic syndrome (Control group). Fasting blood samples were collected, and serum levels of fasting blood sugar, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol were measured using the enzymatic method. Blood pressure, height, and weight were recorded using stadiometers, while leptin and adiponectin levels were determined via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results: A significant difference was observed between the DM+MetS group and the DM-MetS group in serum leptin (p = 0.004) and adiponectin (p < 0.001) levels. In patients with type-2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome, serum leptin (p = 0.530) and adiponectin (p < 0.001) levels were lower compared to the control group.
Conclusion: A decrease in the serum levels of key adipokines, such as leptin and adiponectin, in type-2 diabetic patients may serve as a predictor of metabolic syndrome.
Shalaleh Ganji, Iraj Mobedi, Azim Rezamand, Farshid Ardabili, Pooya Yari, Majid Khanmohammadi ,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (Jan-Feb 2025)
Abstract
Background: Enterobius vermicularis is the most important intestinal parasite in children worldwide. When this parasite migrates unexpectedly, the larvae move out of the intestine and enter organs such as the appendix, and can cause health risks.
Case presentation: An 8-year-old boy was admitted to the oncology clinic of Tabriz Children’s Hospital, complaining of fever of 39-40°C with abdominal pain, cramps, loss of appetite, weakness, and fatigue, associated with cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, axillary mass, abdominal upper thigh, maculopapular rashes, and tiny petechiae on the chest and abdomen.
Results: On CT examination of the chest, moderate mediastinal and mesenteric lymphadenopathy was noted. The patient was hospitalized with a definitive diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. On the seventh day of hospitalization, the patient developed additive colic pain (Contraction and cramping) around the umbilicus and concomitantly developed pain downward and rightward into the abdomen. Based on the clinical findings, the patient was thought to have acute appendicitis. Pathological examinations showed that E. vermicularis was the cause of the appendicitis.
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that this parasite may be associated with inflammation of the appendix in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. A screening program is still required in patients with immunodeficiency or those taking immunosuppressive drugs.
Dr Saeid Anvari, Dr Setare Kheyrandish, Ms Fatemeh Sotudeh, Dr Hossein Mirpour Hasankiadeh, Dr Korosh Khanaki, Dr Esmaeil Shahabi Satlsar,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (3-2025)
Abstract
Chronic basophilic leukemia (CBL) is a rare disorder and according to the published data, few cases have been reported as primary CBL. Morphologic findings in CBL, mostly mimic chronic eosinophilic leukemia and basophils have unusual and dysplastic morphology. A 47 years-old patient comes to the hospital with gastrointestinal symptoms and bloating. Complete blood count (CBC) showed leukocytosis and marked eosinophilia. After evaluating the PB smear, abnormal leukocytes with hypersegmented nuclei along with increase in eosinophils were observed. For further investigation patient was referred to hematology clinic and underwent bone marrow aspiration and biopsy. After the morphological examination, flow cytometry was performed on the aspiration sample to accurately diagnose the disease. Flow cytometric findings were in favor of CBL. Morphological findings is unreliable for basophils detection and for definite diagnosis, flow cytometry is reliable method to precise detection of basophils and CBL.
Dr Mazhar Khan, Dr Akash Sarkate, Dr Poonam Wade, Dr Sushama Mailk,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (3-2025)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of the work is to study the effect of phototherapy on serum calcium level in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia .
Methods: It was an observational study, conducted in the NICU of BYL & T.N. Medical college, Mumbai over a period of 12 months after obtaining permission from institutional ethics committee . This study was performed on 100 neonates (>34 weeks of gestational age) with hyperbilirubinemia managed with phototherapy. A sample of blood was sent to the laboratory for serum calcium level before initiating phototherapy and after completion of phototherapy. All the neonates were clinically assessed for clinical features of hypocalcemia . All the data were recorded in the preformed proforma. Data was analysed using SPSS version 27. P value <0.05 was taken as significant.
Results: The mean age of the neonates was 3±1.2 days .Mean gestational age at the time of birth was 37±1.2 weeks. Mean duration of jaundice was 2.8±1.10 days. The median serum calcium (mg/dL) level before phototherapy was 8.6 (8.49–8.61). After phototherapy, the median serum calcium (mg/dL) levels were reduced to 7.35 (7.33–7.50), which was significant (p<0.001). Hypocalcemia was defined as a serum calcium level of 8 mg/dL, and the incidence of hypocalcemia in the study population was 16%. 60% of new-borns with hypocalcemia experienced mild symptoms like jitteriness or irritability.
Conclusion: The Incidence of hypocalcemia is significant in the jaundiced neonates treated with phototherapy. One needs to be watchful in dealing neonates in NICU while serial monitoring for hypocalcemia and its complications.
