Showing 5 results for Methicillin
Zare, Z, Solhjoo, K, Norooznejad, Mj, Kazemi, A,
Volume 8, Issue 4 (1-2015)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objective: Increasing prevalence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains (MRSA) with their multidrug resistance potential causes difficulties in the treatment of infections due to these bacteria. Hence, the detection and determination of the frequency of MRSA strains via phenotypical and molecular methods is necessary in different parts of the county.
Material and Methods: In this cross- sectional study, 150 Staphylococcus aureus strains were collected from different clinical samples in the hospitals located in Shiraz and Jahrom, Iran. To detect methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains, we used phenotypical methods such as disc diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration by E-Test, and PCR molecular method for mass gene.
Results: The frequency of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus was 63 strains (42%) using disc diffusion and E-Test. while in PCR method, in addition to 63 strains, nine other isolates, which were sensitive to oxacillin by disc diffusion and E-Test, possessed also mecA gene. By and large, 72 isolates (48%) had methicillin resistance gene.
Conclusion: Given the results of phenotypical and molecular methods, the frequency of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus was relatively high in this area. Thus, the MRSA strains can be detectable as soon as possible by accurate and sensitive methods such as PCR to determinate the effective antibiotics.
Keywords: Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus, MRSA, MecA Gene, PCR
Behshood, P, Karbasizade, V, Naghavi, Ns,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (7-2015)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major pathogen involved in nosocomial infections. Because of increasing antibiotic resistance of these strains, treatment of these infections has become very difficult. This study aimed to determine the frequency and drug resistance pattern of MRSA isolates from nosocomial infections in hospitals.
Material and Methods: the isolates of S.aureus (n= 100) isolated from clinical samples such as: urine, blood, wound, throat, sputum, cerebrospinal fluid, catheter and other purulent discharge from in patients were identified using biochemical tests. MRSA strains were isolated by using agar screening method and then drug resistance pattern of them was determined by disk diffusion method.
Results: Out of 100 S.aureus strains, 65 (65%) were MRSA. Drug resistance of MRSA isolates to most antibiotics were high: penicillin100%, oxacillin 100%, nitrofurantoin 80%, tetracycline 63%, erythromycin 58.4%, gentamicin 46.1%, clindamycin 33.8%, cotrimoxazole 35.3% and ciprofloxacin 26.1%. Also 35 of MRSA isolates were multiple drug resistance (MDR).
Conclusion: The prevalence of MRSA isolates and also their resistance to other antibiotics were high.
Keywords: Drug Resistance, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus, Multi-Drug Resistant
Mahsa Aghaei , Leila Asadpour , Amir Arasteh,
Volume 18, Issue 4 (7-2024)
Abstract
Background: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common agents of nosocomial infection worldwide. Methicillin-resistant and biofilm-associated infections of this bacterium have become a clinical concern in patients. This research aimed to identify biofilm-forming ability and accessory gene regulator (Agr) - specific group of clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in Northern Iran.
Methods: In 2021, a total of 200 clinical isolates were identified as S. aureus by biochemical tests. The disk diffusion method was used to examine the antibiotic resistance of isolates and the microplate method was applied to investigate the biofilm production capability. In addition, the PCR method was used to determine the frequency of biofilm-associated genes and Agr typing of MRSA isolates. P £ 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Overall, 62.5% of isolates were methicillin-resistant and 75% were multiple antibiotic-resistant. Biofilm-forming ability was detected in 99 (79.2%) methicillin-resistant isolates in which icaA and icaD were found in 85% and 78% of biofilm-producing isolates, respectively. Type 1 of the Agr gene was the most common type among methicillin-resistant isolates. The frequency of biofilm-associated genes showed a significant association with MDR phenotype and the presence of Agr locus (P £ 0.05).
Conclusion: The present findings indicate a high frequency of biofilm and antibacterial resistance in methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolates in Guilan Province. These findings suggest reliable and rapid identification of biofilm-forming MRSA strains to prevent the spread of these bacteria.
Syed Majid Ali, Jalila Qayoom, Talat Masoodi, Azhar Shafi, Arshi Syed,
Volume 18, Issue 5 (9-2024)
Abstract
Background: Post-operative wound infection has been a problem since surgery was started as a treatment modality and is the third most common cause of nosocomial infections with a reported incidence rate of 14-16%. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, isolate and identify aerobic pathogenic bacteria from surgical site infections (SSI) and to determine the antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) pattern of pathogenic bacteria.
Methods: This study was conducted at the Department of Microbiology SKIMS-Medical College, Bemina Srinagar, over a period of six months from November 2021 to April 2022. In the study, 210 samples from patients with SSI were included. Isolation, identification, and AST of the isolates were performed by standard microbiological techniques.
Results: Out of 210 SSI samples, 163 bacterial isolates were recovered and infection rate was more in 21-30 years age group (24.2%). Gram-negative bacteria were isolated in 50.4% (82/163) cases and E. coli was the most common organism (59.75%, 49/82). Gram-negative bacteria were sensitive to imipenem and none were resistant to polymyxin-B and colistin. E. coli was mostly resistant to cefoperazone, Acinetobacter and Klebsiella species were resistant to ceftazidime, Pseudomonas and Citrobacter were resistant to ceftriaxone. Gram-positive bacteria constituted 49.6% (81/163) and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was a frequently isolated species (66.6%, 54/81). MRSA- and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) were mostly sensitive to amikacin, gentamycin, and tetracycline. Moreover, none of the Gram-positive isolates were resistant to linezolid, vancomycin, and teicoplanin. Enterococcus spp was mostly resistant to gentamycin.
Conclusion: This study developed an insight into post-operative wound infections and their incidence, organisms’ prevalence, and their antibiogram. Culture positivity in suspected cases of SSI was high (77.6%). MRSA and E. coli were frequently isolated from Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
Sahar Siddiqui , Mohd Suhail Lone , Umar Amin Qureshi , Rayees Khanday ,
Volume 19, Issue 3 (5-2025)
Abstract
Background: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a virulent bacterium responsible for a spectrum of infections, from superficial dermatological issues to severe, life-threatening sepsis. The emergence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains, encompassing both hospital-acquired (HA) and community-acquired (CA) variants, presents significant challenges to effective treatment, especially in pediatric sepsis cases. This research endeavored to characterize S. aureus sepsis in pediatric patients, differentiate between cases caused by CA S. aureus (CA-SA) and HA S. aureus (HA-SA), and evaluate patterns of antibiotic resistance.
Methods: This study, conducted between January 2021 and December 2022 at the Postgraduate Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital, Srinagar, Kashmir, J&K, investigated patients aged 1 month to 18 years with suspected S. aureus sepsis or disseminated disease. Standard methods (BacT Alert and Vitek II Compact) were employed for culturing various samples. Continuous data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD), while categorical variables are expressed as proportions.
Results: Out of 56 patients, CA-SA was observed in 66.1% of cases, while HA-SA accounted for the remaining 33.9%. The cohort primarily consisted of males (62.5%) and individuals residing in rural areas (71.43%). Localized musculoskeletal symptoms were a prominent feature, present in 91.9% of patients (P ≤ 0.05). Pleuropulmonary disease showed an association with HA-SA, whereas necrotizing soft tissue infections were linked to CA-SA. Common clinical manifestations included pneumonia and abscesses. Complications (such as septic shock, respiratory failure, and multi-organ dysfunction) were more frequently encountered in patients with HA-SA. Among 50 culture-confirmed cases, 96% were identified as methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Survival rates differed between the two groups, with 94.6% for CA-SA patients and 89.5% for HA-SA patients.
Conclusion: The current study reveals a high prevalence of MRSA in pediatric sepsis, emphasizing the critical need for urgent antimicrobial stewardship. The observed distinct clinical profiles of CA-SA and HA-SA further underscore the necessity for tailored management strategies, particularly in resource-limited environments.
